Tensor products of partial algebras

In this paper we introduce the tensor product of partial algebras w.r.t. a quasi-primtive class of partial algebras, and we prove some of its main properties. This construction generalizes the well-known tensor product of total algebras w.r.t. varieties

Algebraic transformation of unary partial algebras II: Single-pushout approach

AbstractThe single-pushout approach to graph transformation is extended to the algebraic transformation of partial many-sorted unary algebras. Such a generalization has been motivated by the need to model the transformation of structures which are richer and more complex than graphs and hypergraphs.The main result presented in this article is an algebraic characterization of the single-pushout transformation in the categories of all conformisms, all closed quomorphisms, and all closed-domain closed quomorphisms of unary partial algebras over a given signature, together with a corresponding operational characterization that may serve as a basis for implementation.Moreover, all three categories are shown to satisfy all of the HLR (high-level replacement) conditions for parallelism, taking as occurrences the total morphisms in each category. Another important result presented in this article is the definition of HLR conditions for amalgamation, which are also satisfied by the categories of partial homomorphisms considered here, taking again the corresponding total morphisms as occurrences

Ultrasound assisted low-temperature drying of kiwifruit: Effects on drying kinetics, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity

"This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Vallespir, Francisca, Óscar Rodríguez, Juan A Cárcel, Carmen Rosselló, and Susana Simal. 2019. Ultrasound Assisted Low-temperature Drying of Kiwifruit: Effects on Drying Kinetics, Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 99 (6). Wiley: 2901 9. doi:10.1002/jsfa.9503, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9503. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."[EN] Background: Low-temperature drying is considered to be a promising technique for food processing. It preserves thermolabile compounds and might be intensified by acoustic assistance. The effect of acoustic assistance (20.5 kW m(-3)) during low-temperature drying of kiwifruit (at 5, 10 and 15 degrees C, and 1 m s(-1)) on drying kinetics, bioactive compounds (such as ascorbic acid, vitamin E, and total polyphenols), and antioxidant activity was studied. Results: Drying time was shortened by 55-65% when using power ultrasound. A diffusion model was used to evaluate the drying kinetics. The effective diffusion coefficient increased by 154 +/- 30% and the external mass transfer coefficient increased by 158 +/- 66% when ultrasound was applied during drying, compared with drying without ultrasound application. With regard to bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, although samples dried at 15 degrees C presented significantly higher (P < 0.05) losses (39-54% and 57-69%, respectively) than samples dried at 5 degrees C (14-43% and 23-50%, respectively) when ultrasound was not applied, the application of ultrasound during drying at 15 degrees C significantly reduced (P < 0.05) those losses in all quality parameters (15-47% and 47-58%, respectively). Conclusion: Overall, low-temperature drying of kiwifruit was enhanced by acoustic assistance preserving bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity, especially at 15 degrees C. (c) 2018 Society of Chemical IndustryThe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the National Institute of Research and Agro-Food Technology (INIA) and co-financed with ERDF funds (RTA2015-00060-C04-03 and RTA2015-00060-C04-02 projects) and the Spanish Government (MINECO) for the BES-2013-064131 fellowship.Vallespir, F.; Rodríguez, O.; Carcel, JA.; Rosselló, C.; Simal, S. (2019). Ultrasound assisted low-temperature drying of kiwifruit: Effects on drying kinetics, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 99(6):2901-2909. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9503S29012909996Soquetta, M. B., Stefanello, F. S., Huerta, K. da M., Monteiro, S. S., da Rosa, C. S., & Terra, N. N. (2016). Characterization of physiochemical and microbiological properties, and bioactive compounds, of flour made from the skin and bagasse of kiwi fruit ( Actinidia deliciosa ). 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Efficient Reconstruction of Metabolic Pathways by Bidirectional Chemical Search

One of the main challenges in systems biology is the establishment of the metabolome: a catalogue of the metabolites and biochemical reactions present in a specific organism. Current knowledge of biochemical pathways as stored in public databases such as KEGG, is based on carefully curated genomic evidence for the presence of specific metabolites and enzymes that activate particular biochemical reactions. In this paper, we present an efficient method to build a substantial portion of the artificial chemistry defined by the metabolites and biochemical reactions in a given metabolic pathway, which is based on bidirectional chemical search. Computational results on the pathways stored in KEGG reveal novel biochemical pathways

Distribución de la erosión en cauces excavados en roca madre: micro y mesoformas en los cañones fl uviocársti cos

[EN] This paper examines erosional forms and processes in a calcareous bedrock channel, in the Tambuc rambla (Caroig platf orm, Valencia). The analysis of forms demonstrates the dominance of abrasion, erosion and quarrying over corrosion processes. The incision caused by channel fl ow (forming flutes, potholes and inner channels) has been more eff ective than other produced by dissoluti on (resulting in kamenitza and rillenkarren). The hydrodynamic processes, which are strongly structurally infl uenced, produce an irregular longitudinal profile with several knickpoints.[ES] En el presente trabajo se analizan las formas y los procesos de erosión del lecho de un meandro de la rambla del Tambuc, encajado en las calizas subtabulares de la plataforma del Caroig (Valencia). El análisis de las formas demuestra el predominio de procesos de abrasión, evorsión y remoción sobre los de corrosión. La incisión producida por el flujo del canal (en forma de surcos, marmitas de gigante y canales interiores) ha sido más efectiva que la generada por procesos de disolución (manifiestos en cuencos y rillenkarren). El dominio de los procesos hidrodinámicos, fuertemente condicionados por la estructura, da como resultado la formación de un perfil longitudinal irregular con numerosas rupturas de pendiente.This work was supported by Research projects CGL2006-11242-C03-02 and CGL2009-14220-C02-02, from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and financed with FEDER funds.Sanchis Ibor, C.; Segura, F.; Rosselló, V. (2011). Distribution of bedrock channel erosion. Micro and mesoforms in fluviokarstic canyons. Cuaternario y Geomorfología. 25(3):59-69. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/29656S596925

New electrocardiographic criteria to differentiate acute pericarditis and myocardial infarction

Objective Transmural myocardial ischemia induces changes in QRS complex and QT interval duration but, theoretically, these changes might not occur in acute pericarditis provided that the injury is not transmural. This study aims to assess whether QRS and QT duration permit distinguishing acute pericarditis and acute transmural myocardial ischemia. Methods Clinical records and 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) at ×2 magnification were analyzed in 79 patients with acute pericarditis and in 71 with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Results ECG leads with maximal ST-segment elevation showed longer QRS complex and shorter QT interval than leads with isoelectric ST segment in patients with STEMI (QRS: 85.9 ± 13.6 ms vs 81.3 ± 10.4 ms, P = .01; QT: 364.4 ± 38.6 vs 370.9 ± 37.0 ms, P = .04), but not in patients with pericarditis (QRS: 81.5 ± 12.5 ms vs 81.0 ± 7.9 ms, P = .69; QT: 347.9 ± 32.4 vs 347.3 ± 35.1 ms, P = .83). QT interval dispersion among the 12-ECG leads was greater in STEMI than in patients with pericarditis (69.8 ± 20.8 ms vs 50.6 ± 20.2 ms, P <.001). The diagnostic yield of classical ECG criteria (PR deviation and J point level in lead aVR and the number of leads with ST-segment elevation, ST-segment depression, and PR-segment depression) increased significantly (P = .012) when the QRS and QT changes were added to the diagnostic algorithm. Conclusions Patients with acute STEMI, but not those with acute pericarditis, show prolongation of QRS complex and shortening of QT interval in ECG leads with ST-segment elevation. These new findings may improve the differential diagnostic yield of the classical ECG criteria

Comparison of how different feed phosphates affect performance, bone mineralization and phosphorus retention in broilers

The objective of this work was to evaluate the comparative P bio-avalability of different sources of phosphate based on their effects on animal performance, bones mineralization and mineral retention in broilers. To achieve this goal, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, twenty diets were prepared including five different phosphorus sources, either mono-calcium phosphate (MCP) or 4 different batches of di-calcium phosphate, to supplement non phytic P (NPP) levels at 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 and 4.5 g/kg in the diets. In Experiment 2, three treatments were used: the low MCP diet was deficient in NPP (3.1 g/kg for the starter phase and 2.8 g/kg for the grower phase); the high MCP diet and the high TCP (tri-calcium phosphate) diet included adequate levels of NPP (4.4-4.7 g/kg for the starter phase and 4.2-4.3 g/kg for the grower phase). Phytase was not added to experimental diets. Results of Exp. 1 indicated that an increase of NPP in the diet from 3.0 to 4.0 g/ kg increased weight gain and feed intake between d 1 and d 21 (Trial 1). Alternatively, tibia weight and ash percentage at d 21 responded up to the level of 4.5 g/kg and showed significant difference with birds of the 4.0 g/kg NPP group. In Trial 2, chickens fed with the high MCP and TCP had improved growth performances and bone mineralization. No differences were observed on the P availability among different mineral P sources. A level of 4.5 g/kg, NPP is recommended when phytase is not included to maximize both performance and bone mineralization in broiler chickens up to d 21

EVIDENCIA DE INTROGRESIÓN EN CISTUS HETEROPHYLLUS SUBSP. CARTHAGINENSIS (CISTACEAE) A PARTIR DE MARCADORES MOLECULARES RAPD

In this work nine RAPD primers were used to assess genetic differentiation among C. heterophyllus subsp. carthaginensis from both Murcia and Valencia populations. In addition, we included a C. albidus population, a hybrid sample between C. albidus and C. heterophyllus subsp. carthaginensis and an individual of C. heterophyllus s. str. from Norhtern Africa. Our results (UPGMA cluster, PCO) suggest the existence of introgression processes in Murcian populations caused by inter-specifi c crosses with C. albidus, as well the taxonomic invalidity of subsp. carthaginensis. These results could be of interest to future conservation policies of C. heterophyllus in the Iberian Peninsule.En el presente trabajo se han utilizado 9 cebadores RAPD para estudiar la diferenciación genética entre los individuos de las poblaciones naturales existentes de Cistus heterophyllus subsp. carthaginensis en Valencia y Murcia. Además, se ha incluido en el muestreo individuos de C. albidus, un individuo híbrido entre C. albidus y C. heterophyllus subsp. carthaginensis y un individuo de C. heterophyllus s. str. del Norte de Africa. Los resultados obtenidos (cluster UPGMA, PCO) avalan la hipótesis de la introgresión genética de los individuos de la población murciana con C. albidus, así como la escasa consistencia taxonómica de la subespecie carthaginensis. Los datos obtenidos resultan de interés respecto a las pautas de conservación y gestión de la especie en la Península Ibérica